audacity

1- Track.
A track is a dispositive like a hard disk or a magnetic radiocasette that can record and store sound, video, music...
2- Editing
Editing is the process of selecting and preparing language, images, sound, video, or film through processes of correction, condensation, organization, and other modifications in various media. A person who edits is called an editor.
3- Boom pole operator.
The boom operator is an assistant to the production sound mixer, responsible for microphone placement and movement during filming. The boom operator uses a boom pole, a long pole made of light aluminum or carbon fiber that allows precise positioning of the microphone above or below the actors, just out of the camera's frame. The boom operator may also place radio microphones and hidden set microphones. In France, the boom operator is called the perchman.
4- Sound mixer.
An audio engineer who performs the sound mix. The SOUND MIX is the process of re-recording multiple reels of track to produce one final soundtrack
5- Production sound.
Production sound is a dialogue and ambient sound recorded during filming.
6- Post production.
Post-production is part of the filmmaking process. It occurs in the making of motion pictures, television programs, radio programs, videos, audio
7- Added sounds: ambiance; effects.
8- Split: what happens when you split a sound file.
9- What do you split a sound file for?
10- Fade in/fade out.

Audacity

1- What is a sound?
Sounds are pressure waves of air. If there wasn't any air, we wouldn't be able to hear sounds. There's
no sound in space.
2- What is the speed of sound?
340 meters per second
3- What is faster, the speed of light or the speed of sound?
The speed of light
4- How do you record a sound?
A microphone consists of a small membrane that is free to vibrate, along with a mechanism that
translates movements of the membrane into electrical signals. (The exact electrical mechanism varies
depending on the type of microphone.) So acoustical waves are translated into electrical waves by
the microphone. Typically, higher pressure corresponds to higher voltage, and vice versa.
5- What is the difference between digital and analog sound?
Recording onto a tape is an example of analog recording. Audacity deals with digital recordings −
recordings that have been sampled so that they can be used by a digital computer, like the one you're
using now.
6- Write 3 advantages of digital sound over analog sound?
Digital recording has a lot of benefits over analog recording. Digital files can be copied as many times you want, with no quality loss;and they can be burned to an audio CD or shared via the Internet.
7- What are the factors that determine the quality of digital sound?
There are two factors that determine the
quality of a digital recording:
Sample rate: The rate at which the samples are captured or played back, measured in Hertz
(Hz), or samples per second. An audio CD has a sample rate of 44,100 Hz, often written as
44 KHz for short. This is also the default sample rate that Audacity uses, because audio CDs
are so prevalent.
·
Sample format or sample size: Essentially this is the number of digits in the digital
representation of each sample. Think of the sample rate as the horizontal precision of the
digital waveform, and the sample format as the vertical precision. An audio CD has a
precision of 16 bits, which corresponds to about 5 decimal digits.
8- What audio file formats does Audacity support?
MP3 (MPEG I, layer 3), Ogg Vorbis, and WMA (Windows Media
Audio). Audacity supports MP3 and Ogg Vorbis, but not the proprietary WMA format or the
MPEG4 format (AAC) used by Apple's iTunes
9- Write the difference between PCM audio files and Compressed ones?
PCM stands for Pulse Code Modulation. This is just a fancy name for the technique described
above, where each number in the digital audio file represents exactly one sample in the
waveform. Common examples of PCM files are WAV files, AIFF files, and
Sound Designer II files. Audacity supports WAV, AIFF, and many other PCM files.
·
The other type is compressed files. Earlier formats used logarithmic encodings to squeeze
more dynamic range out of fewer bits for each sample, like the u−law or a−law encoding in
the Sun AU format. Modern compressed audio files use sophisticated psychoacoustics
10- Write examples of each one of them.

http://dl.dropbox.com/u/6991882/audacity-manual-1.2.pdf

http://audacity.sourceforge.net/?lang=es

Scribus, GIMP

Scribus

Scribus es un programa de software libre para autoedición, que ofrece un gran rendimiento en la creación de publicaciones por ordenador. Scribus está disponible en versiones nativas para GNU/Linux, Unix, Mac OS X y Windows y brinda capacidades para el diseño y diagramación, similares a las ofrecidas por programas comerciales como Adobe PageMaker, QuarkXPress y Adobe InDesign.

La aplicación está diseñada para dar flexibilidad en el diseño y la composición, ofreciendo la capacidad de preparar archivos para equipos profesionales de filmación de imágenes. También puede crear presentaciones animadas e interactivas en PDF y formularios. Entre los ejemplos de su aplicación se encuentran pequeños periódicos, folletos, boletines de noticias, afiches y libros.

Scribus soporta la mayoría de los principales formatos gráficos además de SVG. Sus características profesionales para fuentes e imágenes incluyen manejo de color CMYK y administración de color ICC. Ha sido desarrollado mediante scripting usando Python y está disponible en más de 24 idiomas.

GIMP
GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) es un programa de edición de imágenes digitales en forma de mapa de bits, tanto dibujos como fotografías. Es un programa libre y gratuito. Está englobado en el proyecto GNU y disponible bajo la Licencia pública general de GNU.

La primera versión de GIMP se desarrolló inicialmente en sistemas Unix y fue pensada especialmente para GNU/Linux. Existen versiones totalmente funcionales para Windows, para Mac OS X, y se incluye en muchas distribuciones GNU/Linux. También se ha portado a otros sistemas operativos, haciéndolo el programa de manipulación de gráficos disponible en más sistemas operativos. Se le puede considerar como una alternativa firme, potente y rápida a Photoshop para muchos usos, aunque no se ha desarrollado como un clon de él y posee una interfaz bastante diferente.

GIMP está disponible en varios idiomas, entre ellos: español, alemán, inglés, catalán, gallego, euskera, francés, italiano, ruso, sueco, noruego, coreano, neerlandés y en otras lenguas adicionales.

El Viejo Pescador

Maria Amelia,la anciana a quien su nieto regaló un blog por su 95 cumpleaños, y ella se entusiasmó, convirtiéndose en la usuaria más vieja del mundo y posiblemente, la más ilusionada.Al descubrir el internet, descubrió un escape para luchar contra la soledad y María Amelia lo aprovechó a fondo. Y lo hizo en bien de la gente de su edad. Murió en mayo de 2006, casi tres años después, habiendo vivido a fondo con la última tecnología a su servicio. . María Amelia recibió el prestigioso premio internacional BOBs, el más importante del mundo en su especialidad, que se otorga en Alemania. Hasta Zapatero la había recibido.

Pero María Amelia está muerta, y viene el olvido.Para que ni ella ni sus deseos se disuelvan en el viento, he aquí una de sus muchas frases que dejó en su blog. Una definición de principios que ayudó a muchos mayores: “Mi blog es para entretenerme y comunicarme con mis blogueros. Y para animar a todos los ancianos a que tengan el Internet. Y para que sus familiares hagan un esfuerzo por enseñarles. Así podrán conocer gente nueva, comunicarse y aprender cosas todos los días. A mí me sacó 20 años de encima. Todos los ancianos, con un Internet”.
http://www.elpais.com/articulo/portada/Maria/Amelia/Viejo/Pescador/elpepusoceps/20100221elpepspor_1/Tes

FONTS

1- What is a font?
A font is essentially the design for a set of characters.
2- What is a pitch? And fixed pitch?

The width is measured by pitch, which refers to how many characters can fit in an inch. The width is measured by pitch, which refers to how many characters can fit in an inch.

3- What is a font family? Name some...

A font family is a group of fonts that have similarities in design. One member of the font family may be bold, while another member of the same family may be italic

4- What is the difference between font and typeface?

The term font is often used as a synonym for typeface, which is not technically correct. For example, some may refer to Times Roman as a font, but it is actually a typeface that defines the shape of each character. Within the Times Roman typeface there are many fonts to choose from — different sizes and styles (e.g., italic, bold and so on).

5- What is the difference between vector and bitmap fonts?

bit-mapped font where every character is represented by an arrangement of dots. To print a bit-mapped character, a printer simply locates the character's bit-mapped representation stored in memory and prints the corresponding dots. Each different font, even when the typeface is the same, requires a different set of bit-maps.

The second method uses a vector graphics system to define fonts. In vector graphics systems, the shape or outline of each character is defined geometrically. The typeface can be displayed in any size, so a single font description really represents innumerable fonts. For this reason, vector fonts are called scalable fonts as they can be scaled to any size.

6- What are the synonyms of vector and bitmap fonts?
7- Which of these two is scalable? An outline font is scalable because, given a geometrical description of a typeface, a printer or other display device can generate the characters at any size.
8- What are the most widely used scalable font systems? bit-mapped fonts
9- What kind of printers use scalable fonts? Post script
10- What is tha main problem using fonts on the web? One reason is that small vector fonts do not look very good on low-resolution devices, such as display monitors
11- How do you call the web-safe fonts?
12- What are the safest fonts on the web?
13- Why should you choose "sans serif" fonts for the screen? sans serif fonts are more difficult to read. For this reason, they are used most often for short text components such as headlines or captions.
14- What is the simplest solution if you want to use a very specific font?
15- Choose your favorite font.